Not open to students who elect this as concentration in the MA in History

Upon completion of this certificate students will be able to:

• Explain and assess the medieval church and rise of the Renaissance papacy; growth of humanism, city-states and monarchies of the Holy Roman Empire; religious upheavals; and the Catholic Reformation.
• Distinguish the major social, political and cultural changes of the Enlightenment in Europe from the death of Louis XIV to the fall of Napoleon.
• Discern the origins of World War I in Europe and assess the combatants, strategy and tactics, technological innovation; war in France; war at sea; the peace settlement; and the occupation.
• Compare and contrast the economies, industry, society and culture of the United States, Great Britain, Japan, and Germany during World War II.
• Assess modern European history since the Congress of Vienna to include social, economic, cultural and political experiences common to Europe; developments sharply differentiated from those in most other parts of the world.

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